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中华卫生应急电子杂志 ›› 2019, Vol. 05 ›› Issue (01) : 38 -56. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-9133.2019.01.010

所属专题: 文献

综述

肌萎缩侧索硬化症临床诊疗新进展
朱晓瓞1, 岳茂兴2,(), 郝冬琳1, 叶笑寒3, 徐君晨1   
  1. 1. 213017 江苏常州,常州市武进人民医院
    2. 213017 江苏常州,常州市武进人民医院;100101 北京,战略支援部队特色医学中心(原解放军第三〇六医院)
    3. 212013 江苏镇江,江苏大学医学院临床医学系
  • 收稿日期:2019-01-23 出版日期:2019-02-18
  • 通信作者: 岳茂兴
  • 基金资助:
    创伤、烧伤、复合伤国家重点实验室开放课题(SKLKF201601); 常州市2016年度应用基础研究项目(CJ20160006); 常州市武进区2016年度社会发展项目(WS201608)

Advances in clinical diagnosis and treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Xiaodie Zhu1, Maoxing Yue2(), Donglin Hao1   

  • Received:2019-01-23 Published:2019-02-18
  • Corresponding author: Maoxing Yue
引用本文:

朱晓瓞, 岳茂兴, 郝冬琳, 叶笑寒, 徐君晨. 肌萎缩侧索硬化症临床诊疗新进展[J]. 中华卫生应急电子杂志, 2019, 05(01): 38-56.

Xiaodie Zhu, Maoxing Yue, Donglin Hao. Advances in clinical diagnosis and treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis[J]. Chinese Journal of Hygiene Rescue(Electronic Edition), 2019, 05(01): 38-56.

表1 Awaji-shima诊断标准与诊断分级[97]
表2 ALS诊断标准[98]
表3 ALS的鉴别诊断疾病[146]
解剖异常/压缩综合征 ?
? Arnold-Chiari 1型和其他后脑畸形
? 颈、枕骨大孔或后颅窝区肿瘤
? 颈椎间盘突出症伴骨软骨病
? 颈部脑膜瘤
? 咽后壁肿瘤
? 脊髓硬膜外囊肿
? 脊髓型颈椎病和(或)神经根病变
? 脊髓空洞症
获得性酶缺陷 ?
? 成人GM2神经节苷脂沉积症(己糖胺酶A或B缺乏症)
? 葡聚糖体疾病
? 庞贝病(Ⅱ型糖原贮积症)
自身免疫综合征 ?
? 单克隆丙种球蛋白病伴运动神经病变
? 多灶性运动神经病变伴/不伴传导阻滞
? 免疫异常性下运动神经元综合症(GM1、GD1b和asialo-GM1抗体)
? 其他运动障碍下运动神经元综合症,包括CIDP
? 多发性硬化症
? 重症肌无力(特别是抗肌肉特异性受体酪氨酸激酶阳性变体)
内分泌异常 ?
? Allgrove综合症
? 糖尿病性肌萎缩
? 胰岛素瘤引起神经病变
? 甲状腺功能亢进伴肌病
? 甲状腺功能减退症伴肌病
? 甲状旁腺功能亢进(原发性)
外源性毒素 ?
? 铅,汞,镉,铝,砷,铊,锰,有机农
感染 ?
? 药;神经嗜血杆菌,Konzo
? 急性脊髓灰质炎
? 脊髓灰质炎后进行性肌萎缩综合征
? HIV-1(伴有水肿性脊髓病)
? HTLV-1相关性脊髓病(热带痉挛性截瘫)
? 神经莱姆症
? 梅毒性肥厚性硬脑膜炎
? 脊髓脑炎,水痘-带状疱疹
? 旋毛虫病
? 布鲁氏菌病,猫抓病
肌病 ?
? 朊病毒病
? 恶病质肌病
? 良性肿瘤性肌病
? 抗肌萎缩蛋白缺失性肌病
? 包涵体肌炎
? 炎症性肌病
? 线状体肌病
? 多发性肌炎
? 肉瘤肌炎
肿瘤综合征 ?
? 慢性淋巴细胞性白血病
? 髓内胶质瘤
? 淋巴细胞增生性疾病伴有脑脊液中的副蛋白血症和(或)寡克隆区带
? 肺尖肿瘤综合征(Pancoast肿瘤综合征)
? 伴有前角细胞受累的副肿瘤性脑脊髓炎
? 僵人综合征
物理损伤 ?
? 电击神经元病
血管性疾病 ?
? 辐射诱发的神经丛病和(或)脊髓病
? 动静脉畸形
? 延髓内侧综合征
? 中风
? 血管炎
其他神经系统疾病 ?
? 西太平洋非典型MND/ALS(关岛,新几内亚,日本纪伊半岛)
? 加勒比非典型MND-痴呆-PSP(瓜德罗普岛)
? 青少年发病的马德拉斯型MND/ALS(印度南部)
? 伴有MND/ALS的额颞叶痴呆(包括伴有肌萎缩的皮克病)
? 多系统萎缩
? 橄榄脑桥小脑萎缩综合征
? 原发性侧索硬化(与ALS无关的亚型)
? 进行性脑脊髓炎伴僵直
? 进行性核上性麻痹
? 遗传性痉挛性截瘫(有远端肌萎缩的亚型)
? 进行性脊髓性肌萎缩(与ALS无关的亚型)
? 延髓性肌肉萎缩伴或不伴动力蛋白激活蛋白或雄激素受体突变
? 脊髓性肌萎缩Ⅰ- Ⅳ
? Brown-Vialetto-van Laere综合征(早发性延髓和脊髓性ALS伴感音神经性耳聋)
? Fazio-Londe综合征(婴儿进行性延髓麻痹)
? Harper-Young综合征(喉和远端脊髓性肌萎缩)
? 单纯性散发性脊髓性肌萎缩(良性局灶性肌萎缩,包括平山病)
? 以运动症状为主的多神经性病变(如遗传性运动感觉神经病2型、遗传性运动神经病5型)
? 家族性淀粉样多发性神经病变
? 良性的自发性收缩
? 肌纤维颤搐
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