| 1 |
Wang W, Jiang B, Sun H，et al.Prevalence，Incidence，and mortality of stroke in China: Results from a nationwide population-based survey of 480 687 adults[J]．Circulation，2017，135(8):759-771.
|
| 2 |
Benjamin EJ, Blaha MJ, Chiuve SE，et al.Heart disease and stroke statistics-2017 update：a report from the american heart association[J]．Circulation，2017，135(10):e146-e603.
|
| 3 |
Kaplovitch E, Anand SS.Stroke in women：recognizing opportunities for prevention and treatment[J]．Stroke，2018，49(3):515-517.
|
| 4 |
Bushnell C, McCullough LD, Awad IA，et al.Guidelines for the prevention of stroke in women：a statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association[J]．Stroke，2014，45(5):1545-1588.
|
| 5 |
Howard G, Moy CS, Howard VJ，et al.Where to focus efforts to reduce the black–white disparity in stroke mortality：incidence versus case fatality？[J]．Stroke, 2016，47(7):1893-1898.
|
| 6 |
Seshadri S, Beiser A, Pikula A，et al.Parental occurrence of stroke and risk of stroke in their children：the framingham study[J]．Circulation，2010，121(11):1304-1312.
|
| 7 |
O’Donnell M J, Xavier D, Liu L，et al.Risk factors for ischaemic and intracerebral haemorrhagic stroke in 22 countries(the INTERSTROKE study)：a case-control study[J]．Lancet，2010，376(9735):112-123.
|
| 8 |
Oza R, Rundell K, Garcellano M．Recurrent ischemic stroke：strategies for prevention[J]．Am Fam Physician，2017，96(7):436-440.
|
| 9 |
Lackland DT, Roccella EJ, Deutsch AF，et al.Factors influencing the decline in stroke mortality：a statement from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association[J]．Stroke，2014，45(1):315-353.
|
| 10 |
Rothwell P M, Howard S C, Dolan E，et al.Prognostic significance of visit-to-visit variability，maximum systolic blood pressure，and episodic hypertension[J]．Lancet，2010，375(9718):895-905.
|
| 11 |
Tao Y, Xu J, Song B，et al.Short-term blood pressure variability and long-term blood pressure variability：which one is a reliable predictor for recurrent stroke[J]．J Hum Hypertens，2017，31(9):568.
|
| 12 |
Men X, Sun W, Fan F，et al.China stroke primary prevention trial: visit-to-visit systolic blood pressure variability is an independent predictor of primary stroke in hypertensive patients[J]．J Am Heart Assoc，2017，6(3):e004350.
|
| 13 |
Suchy-Dicey AM, Wallace ER, Mitchell SV，et al.Blood pressure variability and the risk of all-cause mortality，incident myocardial infarction，and incident stroke in the cardiovascular health study[J]．Am J Hypertens，2013，26(10):1210-1217.
|
| 14 |
Banerjee C, Moon YP, Paik MC，et al.Duration of diabetes and risk of ischemic stroke：the northern manhattan study[J]．Stroke，2012，43(5):1212-1217.
|
| 15 |
Peters SAE, Huxley RR, Woodward M．Diabetes as a risk factor for stroke in women compared with men：a systematic review and meta-analysis of 64 cohorts，including 775385 individuals and 12539 strokes[J]．Lancet，2014，383(9933):1973-1980.
|
| 16 |
An Y, Zhang P, Wang J，et al.Cardiovascular and all-cause mortality over a 23-year period among Chinese with newly diagnosed diabetes in the da qing IGT and diabetes study[J]．Diabetes Care，2015，38(7):1365-1371.
|
| 17 |
Pan Y, Jing J, Li H，et al.Abnormal glucose regulation increases stroke risk in minor ischemic stroke or TIA[J]．Neurology，2016:87(15):1551-1556.
|
| 18 |
Shen X, Zhang P, Wang J，et al. Influence of improvement or worsening of glucose tolerance on risk of stroke in persons with impaired glucose tolerance[J]．Int J Stroke，2018，13(9):941-948.
|
| 19 |
Sanna T, Diener HC, Passman RS，et al.Cryptogenic stroke and underlying atrial fibrillation[J]．N Engl J Med，2014，370(26):2478-2486.
|
| 20 |
Kamel H, Okin PM, Elkind MS，et al.Atrial fibrillation and mechanisms of stroke：time for a new model[J]．Stroke，2016，47(3):895-900.
|
| 21 |
Witsch J, Merkler AE, Chen ML，et al.Incidence of atrial fibrillation in patients with recent ischemic stroke versus matched controls[J]．Stroke，2018，49(10):2529-2531.
|
| 22 |
Kamel H, Elkind MS, Bhave PD，et al.Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia and the risk of ischemic stroke[J]．Stroke，2013，44(6):1550-1554.
|
| 23 |
Kamel H, Hunter M, Moon YP，et al.Electrocardiographic left atrial abnormality and risk of stroke：northern manhattan study[J]．Stroke，2015，46(11):3208-3212.
|
| 24 |
He J, Tse G, Korantzopoulos P，et al.P-wave indices and risk of ischemic stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]．Stroke，2017，48(8):2066-2072.
|
| 25 |
Kumral E, Evyapan D, Gökçay F，et al.Association of baseline dyslipidemia with stroke recurrence within five-years after ischemic stroke[J]．Int J Stroke，2014，9:119-126.
|
| 26 |
Zhao L, Wang R, Song B，et al.Association between atherogenic dyslipidemia and recurrent stroke risk in patients with different subtypes of ischemic stroke[J]. Int J Stroke，2015，10(5):752-758.
|
| 27 |
Lee JS, Chang PY, Zhang Y，et al.Triglyceride and HDL-C dyslipidemia and risks of coronary heart disease and ischemic stroke by glycemic dysregulation status：the strong heart study[J]．Diabetes Care，2017，40(4):529-537.
|
| 28 |
Wang Y, Zhao X, Liu L，et al.Prevalence and outcomes of symptomatic intracranial large artery stenoses and occlusions in China：the Chinese intracranial atherosclerosis(CICAS)study[J]．Stroke，2014，45(3):663-669.
|
| 29 |
Banerjee C, Chimowitz MI.Stroke caused by atherosclerosis of the major intracranial arteries[J]．Circ Res，2017，120(3):502-513.
|
| 30 |
Zhu B, Liu H, Pan Y，et al.Elevated neutrophil and presence of intracranial artery stenosis increase the risk of recurrent stroke[J]．Stroke，2018，49(10):2294-2300.
|
| 31 |
Wang L, He M, Zhang Y．Risk factors associated with extracranial atherosclerosis in old patients with acute ischemic stroke[J]Sci Rep，2018，8(1):12541.
|
| 32 |
Ji R, Pan Y, Yan H，et al.Current smoking is associated with extracranial carotid atherosclerotic stenosis but not with intracranial large artery disease[J]．BMC Neurol，2017，17(1):120.
|
| 33 |
Liu L, Zhan L, Wang Y，et al.Metabolic syndrome and the short-term prognosis of acute ischemic stroke：a hospital-based retrospective study[J]．Lipids Health Dis，2015，14(1):76.
|
| 34 |
Chen YC, Sun CA, Yang T，et al.Impact of metabolic syndrome components on incident stroke subtypes：a Chinese cohort study[J]．J Hum Hypertens，2014，28(11):689.
|
| 35 |
Li X, Li X, Fang F，et al.Is Metabolic syndrome associated with the risk of recurrent stroke：a meta-analysis of cohort studies[J]. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis，2017，26(12):2700-2705.
|
| 36 |
Chen W, Pan Y, Jing J，et al.Recurrent stroke in minor ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack with metabolic syndrome and/or diabetes mellitus[J]．J Am Heart Assoc，2017，6(6):e005446.
|
| 37 |
Lehotsky J, Petras M, Kovalska M，et al.Mechanisms involved in the ischemic tolerance in brain：effect of the homocysteine[J]．Cell Mol Neurobiol，2015，35(1):7-15.
|
| 38 |
Kumral E, Saruhan G, Aktert D，et al.Association of hyperhomocysteinemia with stroke recurrence after initial stroke[J]. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis，2016，25(8):2047-2054.
|
| 39 |
Sundell L, Salomaa V, Vartiainen E，et al.Increased stroke risk is related to a binge-drinking habit[J]．Stroke，2008，39(12):3179-3184.
|
| 40 |
Ronksley PE, Brien SE, Turner BJ，et al.Association of alcohol consumption with selected cardiovascular disease outcomes：a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]．BMJ，2011，342:d671.
|
| 41 |
Suzuki S, Otsuka T, Sagara K，et al.Effects of smoking on ischemic stroke, intracranial hemorrhage，and coronary artery events in Japanese patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation[J]．Int Heart J，2017，58(4):506-515.
|
| 42 |
Malek AM, Cushman M, Lackland DT，et al.Secondhand smoke exposure and stroke：the reasons for geographic and racial differences in stroke(REGARDS) study[J]．Am J Prev Med，2015，49(6):e89-e97.
|
| 43 |
Kernan WN, Inzucchi SE, Sawan C，et al.Obesity：a stubbornly obvious target for stroke prevention[J]．Stroke，2013，44(1):278-286.
|
| 44 |
Global Burden of Metabolic Risk Factors for Chronic Diseases Collaboration (BMI Mediated Effects), Lu Y, Hajifathalian K，et al.Metabolic mediators of the effects of body-mass index，overweight，and obesity on coronary heart disease and stroke：a pooled analysis of 97 prospective cohorts with 1·8 million participants[J]．Lancet，2014，383(9921):970-983.
|
| 45 |
Hermann DM, Bassetti CL.Sleep-related breathing and sleep-wake disturbances in ischemic stroke[J]．Neurology，2009，73(16):1313-1322.
|
| 46 |
Kim JS, Kim S, Lee SH，et al.Increased risk of ischemic stroke during sleep in apneic patients[J]．J Clin Neurol，2018，14(2):174-178.
|
| 47 |
O’Donnell MJ, Chin SL, Rangarajan S，et al.Global and regional effects of potentially modifiable risk factors associated with acute stroke in 32 countries (INTERSTROKE)：a case-control study[J]．Lancet，2016，388(10046):761-775.
|
| 48 |
Reinholdsson M, Palstam A, Sunnerhagen KS.Prestroke physical activity could influence acute stroke severity (part of PAPSIGOT)[J]．Neurology，2018，91(16):e1461-e1467.
|
| 49 |
Tsivgoulis G, Psaltopoulou T, Wadley VG，et al.Adherence to a mediterranean diet and prediction of incident stroke[J]．Stroke，2015，46(3):780-785.
|
| 50 |
Bang OY, Ovbiagele B, Kim JS.Nontraditional risk factors for ischemic stroke: an update[J]．Stroke，2015，46(12):3571-3578.
|
| 51 |
You LR, Tang M．The association of high D-dimer level with high risk of ischemic stroke in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation patients：a retrospective study[J]．Medicine，2018，97(43):e12622.
|
| 52 |
Jing J, Pan Y, Zhao X，et al.Insulin resistance and prognosis of nondiabetic patients with ischemic stroke: the ACROSS-China study (abnormal glucose regulation in patients with acute stroke across China)[J]．Stroke，2017，48(4):887-893.
|
| 53 |
Kernan WN, Ovbiagele B, Black HR，et al.Guidelines for the prevention of stroke in patients with stroke and transient ischemic attack：a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association[J]．Stroke，2014，45(7):2160-2236.
|