目的

应用失效模式和效应分析（FMEA）理论，识别导致保洁人员标准预防依从性低的主要原因，并制定相应的干预措施以提高依从性。

方法

通过组建FMEA课题小组，对医院保洁人员的标准预防依从性现状进行系统分析。小组制定评分标准并计算风险优先指数（RPN），以识别高风险因素。根据高风险优先处理原则，重新设计和优化标准预防流程，并提出针对性干预措施。

结果

FMEA干预显著提高了保洁人员的标准预防依从性。在洗手和消毒时机掌握、正确佩戴手套、防护用品合理使用、环境处理及职业暴露应对方面，依从性评分均显著提高（P＜0.001）。改进措施有效降低了风险优先数（RPN），医院ICU感染发生率从12.53%降至1.88%（P＜0.001）。

结论

首次引入FMEA模式改善保洁人员标准预防依从性，并从创新视角评估了干预效果，该研究具有重要的实践应用意义和推广价值。

Objective

To identifies the primary factors contributing to the low compliance of cleaning personnel with standard precautions， and devises corresponding intervention measures to enhance compliance by applying failure mode and effects analysis （FMEA） theory.

Methods

An FMEA project team was assembled to systematically analyze the compliance status of cleaning staff with standard precautions. The team established scoring criteria and calculated the risk priority number （RPN） to identify high-risk factors. Based on the principle of prioritizing high-risk interventions， the standard precaution processes were redesigned and optimized， with targeted interventions proposed.

Results

The FMEA intervention significantly improved the compliance of cleaning personnel with standard preventive measures.Compliance scores for handwashing and disinfection timing， proper glove wearing， appropriate use of personal protective equipment， environmental management， and handling of occupational exposure all showed significant increases （P＜0.001）. The implemented improvement measures effectively reduced the RPN， leading to a decline in the infection rate in the hospital ICU from 12.53% to 1.88% （P＜0.001）.

Conclusion

The introduction of the FMEA model to improve compliance with standard precautions among cleaning staff is innovative and provides valuable insights for intervention effectiveness， with important practical significance and potential for broader application.