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中华卫生应急电子杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (05) : 284 -288. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-9133.2025.05.006

论著

雾化吸入布地奈德联合沙丁胺醇治疗儿童重症哮喘急性发作的临床疗效及安全性研究
陈荣1, 姬婷婷2,()   
  1. 1716000 陕西延安,延安市中医医院老年医学科
    2716000 陕西延安,延安市中医医院儿科
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-29 出版日期:2025-10-18
  • 通信作者: 姬婷婷

Clinical efficacy and safety of nebulized budesonide combined with salbutamol in treatment of acute exacerbation of severe asthma in children

Rong Chen1, Tingting Ji2,()   

  1. 1Department of Geriatric Medicine, Yan'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Yan'an 716000, China
    2Department of Pediatrics, Yan'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Yan'an 716000, China
  • Received:2025-04-29 Published:2025-10-18
  • Corresponding author: Tingting Ji
引用本文:

陈荣, 姬婷婷. 雾化吸入布地奈德联合沙丁胺醇治疗儿童重症哮喘急性发作的临床疗效及安全性研究[J/OL]. 中华卫生应急电子杂志, 2025, 11(05): 284-288.

Rong Chen, Tingting Ji. Clinical efficacy and safety of nebulized budesonide combined with salbutamol in treatment of acute exacerbation of severe asthma in children[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Hygiene Rescue(Electronic Edition), 2025, 11(05): 284-288.

目的

本研究旨在探究雾化吸入布地奈德与沙丁胺醇联合使用对儿童重症哮喘急性发作的治疗价值与安全特性。

方法

选择2020年1月至2024年12月期间就诊的儿童重症哮喘急性发作94例患者,其中男性54例,女性40例;年龄5~14岁,平均(8.47±2.56)岁。随机分为联合治疗组(n=48,布地奈德+沙丁胺醇雾化)与单药治疗组(n=46,仅沙丁胺醇雾化)。监测对比包括:临床效果评定、肺部功能变化、炎症指标调节、症状缓解速率、药物安全性及后续复发频率。

结果

联合治疗组显示出显著优势,包括:(1)较高治疗总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。(2)肺功能恢复更为显著,第一秒用力呼气量(FEV1)、呼气峰值流量(PEF)及第一秒用力呼气量与用力肺活量之比(FEV1/FVC)改善程度均超过单药组(P<0.05)。(3)炎症因子:白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)下降更为明显(P<0.05)。(4)症状消退(喘鸣音、呼吸困难、咳嗽)加速且住院周期缩短(P<0.05)。(5)不良反应发生率相当(P>0.05)。(6)三个月内复发风险显著降低(P<0.05)。

结论

对于儿童重症哮喘急性发作,采用布地奈德与沙丁胺醇联合雾化吸入治疗,可加速症状改善、促进肺功能恢复、减轻气道炎症、降低复发风险,安全性良好,值得临床推广。联合方案有综合优势,是临床有价值的治疗选择。

Objective

To investigate the therapeutic value and safety profile of combined nebulized budesonide and salbutamol for pediatric acute severe asthma exacerbations.

Methods

This prospective, randomized and controlled trial enrolled 94 children with acute severe asthma exacerbations treated between January 2020 and December 2024. Patients were randomly assigned to a combination therapy group (n=48, budesonide + salbutamol nebulization)and a monotherapy group (n=46, salbutamol nebulization alone). Comparative assessments included clinical efficacy evaluation, pulmonary function parameters, inflammatory biomarker modulation, symptom resolution rates, medication safety, and subsequent recurrence frequency.

Results

The combination therapy group demonstrated significant advantages, including higher total effective rate (P<0.05), superior pulmonary function recovery, with greater improvements in FEV1, PEF, and FEV1/FVC compared to the monotherapy group (P<0.05), more pronounced reduction in inflammatory markers (IL-6, TNF-α, hs-CRP) (P<0.05), accelerated symptom resolution (wheezing, dyspnea, coughing) and shortened hospitalization duration (P<0.05), comparable adverse reaction rates (P>0.05) and significantly reduced three-month recurrence risk (P<0.05).

Conclusion

For children with acute severe asthma, combined budesonide-salbutamol nebulization speeds symptom relief, aids lung function recovery, reduces airway inflammation, lowers recurrence risk, and it is safe, warranting clinical promotion. This regimen offers integrated benefits and is a valuable clinical option.

表1 两组患儿一般资料比较(±s
表2 两组患儿临床疗效比较[例(%)]
表3 两组患儿肺功能指标比较(±s
表4 两组患儿炎症因子水平比较(±s
表5 两组患儿临床症状改善时间比较(±s
表6 两组患儿不良反应发生比较[例(%)]
表7 两组患儿随访期间复发比较[例(%)]
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