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中华卫生应急电子杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (06) : 361 -364. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-9133.2025.06.009

论著

急诊危重患者一次性无损伤吸痰管的应用效果评价
王彧姣1, 付景伟2, 曹颖3, 关争梅4, 王亚5,()   
  1. 1102300 北京,首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院门头沟医院急诊科
    2102300 北京,首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院门头沟医院院办
    3102300 北京,首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院门头沟医院科教科
    4102300 北京,首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院门头沟医院护理部
    5102300 北京,首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院门头沟医院病理科
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-25 出版日期:2025-12-18
  • 通信作者: 王亚

Application of disposable non-injurious sputum suction tube in emergency and critically ill patients and its effect of airway protection

Yujiao Wang1, Jingwei Fu2, Ying Cao3, Zhengmei Guan4, Ya Wang5,()   

  1. 1Department of Emergency, Mentougou Hospital Affiliated to Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 102300, China
    2Hospital Office, Mentougou Hospital Affiliated to Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 102300, China
    3Department of Social Education, Mentougou Hospital Affiliated to Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 102300, China
    4Department of Nursing, Mentougou Hospital Affiliated to Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 102300, China
    5Department of Pathology, Mentougou Hospital Affiliated to Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 102300, China
  • Received:2025-08-25 Published:2025-12-18
  • Corresponding author: Ya Wang
引用本文:

王彧姣, 付景伟, 曹颖, 关争梅, 王亚. 急诊危重患者一次性无损伤吸痰管的应用效果评价[J/OL]. 中华卫生应急电子杂志, 2025, 11(06): 361-364.

Yujiao Wang, Jingwei Fu, Ying Cao, Zhengmei Guan, Ya Wang. Application of disposable non-injurious sputum suction tube in emergency and critically ill patients and its effect of airway protection[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Hygiene Rescue(Electronic Edition), 2025, 11(06): 361-364.

目的

在于探究一次性无损伤吸痰管用于急诊危重患者的应用效果评价。

方法

2024年6月至2024年12月入住北京同仁医院门头沟医院急诊科的危重患者共98例,其中男性55例,女性43例;年龄42~103岁,平均(77.96±10.01)岁。主要诊断为:神经系统疾病22例,心血管系统疾病5例,呼吸系统疾病53例,其他18例。采用随机分配法把患者分为对照组和试验组。对照组患者用普通吸痰管吸痰,试验组患者采用创新设计的一次性无损伤吸痰管来吸痰,一次性无损伤吸痰管,即吸痰管头端采用象鼻型设计,且吸痰头端开口与侧孔周围增加若干个圆弧凸起。两组患者进行吸痰治疗后,对比其单位时间吸痰效果与气道粘膜损伤状况。

结果

试验组患者经吸痰治疗后单位时间经皮脉搏氧饱和度(SpO2)上升值、每次吸引痰液量明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。血性痰液、损伤细胞数量明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),痰鸣音改善情况差异未见统计学意义(P>0.05)。

结论

一次性无损伤吸痰管吸痰效果较好,能有效防止患者气道粘膜损伤,在临床中具有较强的应用价值。

Objective

To explore the evaluation of the application effect of disposable non-injurious sputum suction tube in emergency and critically-ill patients in sputum suction and airway mucosal protection.

Methods

From June 2024 to December 2024, critically-ill patients hospitalized in the emergency department of Mentougou Hospital affiliated to Beijing Tongren Hospital, were selected as study subjects. The patients were randomly assigned to a control group and an experimental group. The patients in the control group were suctioned with an ordinary sputum suction tube, and the patients in the experimental group were suctioned by an innovatively designed disposable non-damaging sputum suction tube, which was a one-time non-damage sputum suction tube, that is, the head end of the sputum suction tube was designed in the shape of an elephant trunk, and several arc protrusions were added around the opening of the suction tip and the side hole. After sputum aspiration treatment, the sputum suction effect per unit time and the condition of airway mucosal injury were compared between the two groups.

Results

The increase in peripheral capillary oxygen saturation (SpO2) per unit time and the amount of sputum suction per unit time in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group after sputum aspiration treatment, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The number of bloody sputum and injured cells was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the improvement of sputum sound (P>0.05).

Conclusion

The one-time non-injurious sputum suction tube has a good sputum suction effect, which can effectively prevent airway mucosal injury in patients, and has strong application value in clinical practice.

图1 一次性无损伤吸痰管
表1 两组患者基础资料比较[例(%)]
表2 两组患者吸痰效果的比较[MP25P75)]
表3 两组患者痰鸣音改善情况[例(%)]
表4 两组患者气道黏膜损伤情况[例(%)]
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