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中华卫生应急电子杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (03) : 147 -152. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-9133.2025.03.004

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论著

急性左心衰患者抢救过程中的系统化急救应用效果研究
梁艳1, 汪婷2,()   
  1. 1710016 陕西西安,西安市第三医院介入血管科
    2710077 陕西西安,西安大兴医院放疗科
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-23 出版日期:2025-06-18
  • 通信作者: 汪婷

Effectiveness of systematic emergency treatment in the rescue process of acute left heart failure patients

Yan Liang1, Ting Wang2,()   

  1. 1Department of Interventional Vascular Medicine, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, Xi'an 710016, China
    2Department of Radiotherapy, Xi'an Daxing Hospital, Xi'an 710077, China
  • Received:2025-03-23 Published:2025-06-18
  • Corresponding author: Ting Wang
引用本文:

梁艳, 汪婷. 急性左心衰患者抢救过程中的系统化急救应用效果研究[J/OL]. 中华卫生应急电子杂志, 2025, 11(03): 147-152.

Yan Liang, Ting Wang. Effectiveness of systematic emergency treatment in the rescue process of acute left heart failure patients[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Hygiene Rescue(Electronic Edition), 2025, 11(03): 147-152.

目的

探讨急性左心衰患者抢救过程中的系统化急救应用效果。

方法

选取2022年1月至2024年6月于西安市第三医院接受系统化急救的128例急性左心衰患者作为研究对象,其中男性68例,女性60例;年龄46~82岁,平均(61.38±2.76)岁。将2022年1月至2023年3月实施常规急救流程的68例患者设立为对照组,其中男性36例,女性32例;年龄47~82岁,平均值(61.39±2.78)岁。身体质量指数(BMI)20~26 kg/m2,平均(23.29±2.02)kg/m2;纽约心脏病学会(NYHA)心功能分级:Ⅲ级42例、Ⅳ级26例。将2023年4月至2024年6月实施系统化急救流程的患者60例设立为观察组,其中男性32例,女性28例;年龄46~82岁,平均(61.36±2.74)岁。BMI 19~26 kg/m2,平均值(23.21±2.07)kg/m2;NYHA心功能分级:Ⅲ级39例、Ⅳ级21例。对比分诊及评估时间、静脉通道建立及采血时间、静脉用药时间、心电图时间、急救总时间、救治效果、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、心率(HR)、舒张早期充盈峰速度/舒张晚期充盈峰速度(E/A)比值、左心室射血分数(LVEF)、左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)及并发症、病死率。

结果

观察组分诊及评估时间、静脉通道建立及采血时间、静脉用药时间、心电图时间、急救总时间均短于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。入院时,两组患者SBP、DBP、HR比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);急救24 h,观察组的SBP、DBP、HR均低于对照组(P<0.05)。入院时,两组患者E/A比值、LVEF、LVEDD,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);入院后7 d,观察组E/A比值、LVEF高于对照组,而LVEDD低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组并发症发生率低于对照组(P<0.05);两组患者病死率,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。

结论

系统化急救流程在急性左心衰患者抢救过程中有利于缩短急救时间和降低并发症发生率。

Objective

To explore the effectiveness of systematic emergency treatment in the rescue process of acute left heart failure patients.

Methods

A total of 128 patients with acute left heart failure who received systematic first aid in Xi'an Third Hospital from January 2022 to June 2024 were selected as the subjects of this study, including 68 males and 60 females; their ages ranged from 46 to 82 years, with an average age of (61.38±2.76) years. The 68 patients who followed the routine emergency care process from January 2022 to March 2023 were set as the control group, comprising 36 males and 32 females; their ages ranged from 47 to 82 years, with an average age of (61.39±2.78) years. Their body mass index (BMI) was between 20 and 26 kg/m2, with an average of (23.29±2.02) kg/m2; the New York Heart Association (NYHA) cardiac function classification was Grade III in 42 cases and Grade IV in 26 cases. The 60 patients who followed the systematic emergency care process from April 2023 to June 2024 were set as the observation group, including 32 males and 28 females; their ages ranged from 46 to 82 years, with an average age of (61.36±2.74) years. Their BMI 19 was between 26 kg/m2, with an average of (23.21±2.07) kg/m2; the NYHA cardiac function classification was Grade III in 39 cases and Grade IV in 21 cases. The time for triage and assessment, establishment of intravenous access and blood sampling, administration of intravenous medication, electrocardiogram timing, total emergency response time, treatment outcomes, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate (HR), early diastolic filling velocity to late diastolic filling velocity (E/A) ratio, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), and complications and mortality were compared between the two groups.

Results

The observation group demonstrated shorter times for triage and assessment, venous access establishment and blood collection, intravenous medication administration, ECG monitoring, and emergency response duration compared to the control group (P<0.05). The overall effectiveness rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). At admission, there were no statistically significant differences in systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), or heart rate (HR) between the two groups (P>0.05). However, within 24 hours of emergency treatment, the observation group showed lower SBP, DBP, and HR values than the control group (P<0.05). Regarding baseline measurements, no statistically significant differences were observed in echocardiographic parameters such as the E/A ratio, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), or left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) between the groups (P>0.05). After 7 days of hospitalization, the observation group exhibited higher LVEF and E/A ratios but lower LVEDD values compared to the control group (P<0.05). The incidence of complications in the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05), while there was no statistically significant difference in mortality rates between the two groups (P>0.05).

Conclusion

The systematic first aid process is beneficial to shorten the first aid time and reduce the incidence of complications in the rescue process of acute left heart failure patients

表1 两组患者急救时间比较(min,±s
表2 两组患者救治效果比较[例(%)]
表3 两组患者血流动力学比较(±s
表4 两组患者心功能比较(±s
表5 两组患者并发症发生率及病死率比较[例(%)]
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