探讨基于岗位胜任力的气道廓清视频教学在呼吸重症监护病房（RICU）护士培训中的应用效果，分析其对RICU护士操作技能达标率及患者痰液滞留率的影响。

收集无锡市第二人民医院2021年8月至2024年9月23例RICU护士和124例RICU收治的患者的资料。2023年3月开始，无锡市第二人民医院RICU开始行以岗位胜任力为核心的气道廓清视频教学。将2021年8月至2023年2月收治的62例患者作为对照组，其中男性37例，女性25例；年龄34~67岁，平均（50.23±15.54）岁。2023年3月至2024年9月收治的62例患者作为观察组，其中男性36例，女性26例；年龄33~67岁，平均（49.86±15.14）岁。比较视频教学前后护士的操作技能达标率和操作规范性评分，以及两组患者的机械通气时间、住院时间、痰液滞留率和并发症发生率及对护理的满意度。

采用以岗位胜任力为核心的气道廓清视频教学后，RICU护士的操作技能达标率、在并发症预防措施和应急处理能力方面的评分高于视频教学前。观察组患者的机械通气时间和住院时间短于对照组，痰液滞留率和并发症总发生率低于对照组，护理满意度高于对照组。

以岗位胜任力为核心的气道廓清视频教学可显著提高RICU护士操作技能达标率，缩短患者机械通气时间与住院时间，降低痰液滞留率及并发症发生率，患者的护理满意度较高，具有积极的临床应用价值。

To explore the application effect of competency-based video training on airway clearance techniques in the training of RICU nurses and to analyze its impact on RICU nurses' skill compliance rate and patients' sputum retention rate.

Data from 23 RICU nurses and 124 patients admitted to the RICU were collected between August 2021 and September 2024. Starting in March 2023, our hospital's RICU implemented competency-based video training on airway clearance techniques. A total of 62 patients admitted between August 2021 and February 2023 were assigned as the control group, including 37 males and 25 females, with an age range of 34-67 years (mean age: 50.23±15.54 years). Patients admitted between March 2023 and September 2024 were assigned to the observation group, including 36 males and 26 females, with an age range of 33-67 years (mean age: 49.86±15.14 years). The nurses' operational skill compliance rates and procedural standardization scores were compared before and after the video training, as well as the mechanical ventilation duration, hospitalization duration, sputum retention rate, complication incidence rate, and satisfaction with nursing care among patients between the two groups.

After implementing competency-based video training on airway clearance techniques, RICU nurses demonstrated higher operational skill compliance rates and improved scores in complication prevention measures and emergency response capabilities compared to pre-training levels. Patients in the observation group exhibited significantly shorter mechanical ventilation duration and hospitalization duration compared to the control group, along with lower sputum retention rates and total complication incidence rates, as well as higher satisfaction with nursing care (P<0.05).

Competency-based video training on airway clearance techniques significantly improves the operational skill compliance rate of RICU nurses, shortens mechanical ventilation duration and hospitalization duration in patients, reduces sputum retention rate and complication incidence rate, and achieves higher patient satisfaction with nursing care, demonstrating favorable clinical applicability.