分析白介素-6（IL-6）和补体1q（C1q）在急性溃疡性结肠炎中的诊断价值及与肠道菌群的相关性。

选取2022年1月至2025年3月于榆林市中医医院收治的120例溃疡性结肠炎（UC）患者作为研究组，根据改良梅奥（Mayo）评分分为急性期组（n=62）和缓解期组（n=58），同期选取60例健康体检者作为对照组。对比各组血清IL-6、C1q和肠道菌群变化，采用Logistic回归分析探讨血清IL-6、C1q对UC疾病进展的影响，绘制受试者工作特征曲线（ROC）分析血清IL-6和C1q对急性溃疡性结肠炎的诊断价值，采用Pearson检验分析血清IL-6、C1q与肠道菌群数量的相关性。

三组血清IL-6、C1q和肠道主要菌群（双歧杆菌、乳酸杆菌、拟杆菌、大肠埃希菌和肠球菌）数量比较，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05），其中血清IL-6、拟杆菌、大肠埃希菌和肠球菌在对照组、缓解期组和急性期组中逐渐升高（P<0.05）；血清C1q、双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌在对照组、缓解期组和急性期组中逐渐降低（P<0.05）。经Logistic回归分析显示，血清IL-6和C1q是影响UC疾病活动分期的重要因素（P<0.05）。ROC曲线分析显示，血清IL-6和C1q可预测UC疾病进展，尤以两者联合效能最佳（P<0.05），曲线下面积（AUC）、敏感度和特异度分别为0.931（95%CI：0.854~0.977）、89.4%和75.8%。Pearson相关分析显示，血清IL-6与拟杆菌、大肠埃希菌和肠球菌呈正比（P<0.05），与双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌呈反比（P<0.05）；血清C1q与拟杆菌、大肠埃希菌和肠球菌呈反比（P<0.05），与双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌呈正相关。

血清IL-6和C1q可预测急性期UC发生，其中前者与拟杆菌、大肠埃希菌和肠球菌呈正比，后者与双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌呈正相关。

To analyze the diagnostic value of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and complement 1q (C1q) in acute ulcerative colitis and their correlation with gut microbiota.

A total of 120 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) admitted to Yulin Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital from January 2022 to March 2025 were selected as the study group. According to the modified Mayo score, they were divided into an acute phase group (n=62) and a remission phase group (n=58). During the same period, 60 healthy examinees were selected as the control group. By comparison of the changes in serum IL-6, C1q, and gut microbiota among different groups, logistic regression analysis was used to explore the effects of serum IL-6 and C1q on the progression of UC disease. Receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) were plotted to analyze the diagnostic value of serum IL-6 and C1q for acute ulcerative colitis, and Pearson test was used to analyze the correlation between serum IL-6, C1q, and gut microbiota count.

There were statistically significant differences (P<0.05) in the levels of serum IL-6, C1q, and major gut microbiota (Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Bacteroidetes, Escherichia coli, and Enterococcus) among the three groups. Among them, serum IL-6, Bacteroidetes, Escherichia coli, and Enterococcus gradually increased in the control group, remission group, and acute group (P<0.05); Serum C1q, Bifidobacterium, and Lactobacillus gradually decreased in the control group, remission group, and acute group (P<0.05). According to logistic regression analysis, serum IL-6 and C1q were important factors affecting the staging of UC disease activity (P<0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that serum IL-6 and C1q could predict the progression of UC disease, with the best combined efficacy (P<0.05). The area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity were 0.931 (95% CI: 0.854-0.977), 89.4%, and 75.8%, respectively. Pearson correlation analysis showed that serum IL-6 was positively correlated with Bacteroidetes, Escherichia coli, and Enterococcus (P<0.05), and negatively correlated with Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus (P<0.05); Serum C1q was inversely proportional to Bacteroidetes, Escherichia coli, and Enterococcus (P<0.05), and directly proportional to Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus.

Serum IL-6 and C1q can predict the occurrence of acute UC, with the former being positively correlated with Bacteroidetes, Escherichia coli, and Enterococcus, and the latter being positively correlated with Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus.