To analyze the infection status and preventive measures of multidrug resistant organism (MDRO) in patients with oral and maxillofacial trauma.

A retrospective analysis was conducted on the medical records of 71 hospitalized MDRO patients with oral and maxillofacial trauma received by Huangshi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2023 to February 2025, including 41 males and 30 females, the age ranged from 22 to 71 years, with an average of (53.01±7.95) years. During the same period, 78 patients with oral and maxillofacial trauma admitted to our hospital who were hospitalized but did not have MDRO infection were selected as the control group, including 37 males and 41 females, the age ranged from 20 to 73 years, with an average of (55.30±8.42) years. The distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in MDRO infected patients were detected, and the distribution of infection sites was analyzed., and the risk factors of MDRO infection in patients with oral and maxillofacial trauma were analyzed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis.

A total of 78 strains of MDRO were detected in 71 patients with oral and maxillofacial trauma, mainly Escherichia coli, MRSA and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The resistance of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae to cephalosporins, quinolones and sulfonamides was high, and the resistance of methiclococcus aureus to penicillins, macrolides and lincoamides was high. Univariate analysis showed that the rates of open injury, use of antibiotics ≥3 kinds, use of antibiotics ≥7 days, stay ≥10 days in MDRO patients hospitalized with oral and maxillofacial trauma were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that open injury, use of antibiotics ≥3 kinds, use of antibiotics ≥7 d, and hospital stay ≥10 d were the risk factors for oral and maxillofacial trauma inpatient MDRO infection (P<0.05).

The MDRO in patients with oral and maxillofacial trauma is mainly composed of gram-negative bacteria, which is mostly associated with wound and lower respiratory tract infection, and is related to multiple risk factors. Clinical preventive countermeasures should be strengthened.