To understand the epidemic situation of scarlet fever in Dong’e county to provide scientific basis for effective control of it.

The report cases of scarlet fever in Dong’e county from 2005 to 2018 were analyzed by using descriptive epidemiological method. The distribution of scarlet fever in three areas, such as regional distribution, time distribution and population distribution, and the medical institutions were compared.

A total of 308 scarlet fever patients were reported in Dong’e county from 2005 to 2018. The annual incidence was 0.71, 0.71, 0.47, 1.17, 0, 0.28, 3.65, 5.30, 11.34, 12.10, 9.63, 10.34 and 28.16 respectively, with average 5.99/100 000 per year. The incidence in each year was quite different, the lowest was 0, and the highest was 28.16/100 000 in 2018. Patients were mainly concentrated in two communities in the city, accounting for 57.14% of the total. The time of onset was mainly from April to June and from November to January. There were 277 cases (89.93%) in the population, mainly including kindergarten children and primary school students. The highest incidence in the 3-7-year-old group was 260 (84.42%).

From 2005 to 2018, the epidemic situation of scarlet fever in Dong’e county shows an overall upward trend. The peak of scarlet fever occurs in winter and spring (summer), and nurseries and primary schools are high-risk places. Therefore, we should strengthen the early warning and monitoring of scarlet fever in nurseries and schools, and take effective control measures in time to avoid the outbreak and prevalence of scarlet fever.