Expert consensus on on-site medical rescue and transfer in ice-snow and frozen disaster

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-9133.2021.06.001

Abstract

Abstract:

Ice and snow storms are frequent and often result in varying degrees of casualties and property loss in our country every year. This consensus extensively refered to domestic and foreign literatures on rescue and transfer in cold environment, combined with the practical experience of experts, and eventually summed up 49 recommendations for on-site rescue and transfer in ice-snow and frozen disaster. The aim is to further standardize the pre-hospital rescue and transfer in ice-snow and frozen disaster to reduce the mortality. The consensus can also provide reference for relevant government departments to formulate public health policies.

Key words: Ice disaster, On-site medical rescue, Transfer, Hypothermia

Health Emergency Committee of Chinese Research Hospital Association, Disaster Medicine Committee of Chinese Society of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Branch of Henan Hospital Association, Emergency committee of Zhengzhou Medical Association, Zhengzhou emergency medical rescue center, Zhongyuan Institute of cardiopulmonary cerebral resuscitation, Research Center of cardiopulmonary cerebral resuscitation, Henan University of traditional Chinese Medicine. Expert consensus on on-site medical rescue and transfer in ice-snow and frozen disaster[J]. Chinese Journal of Hygiene Rescue(Electronic Edition), 2021, 07(06): 321-327.

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References 21

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推荐等级/描述	收益与风险比较	支持证据的方法学质量评价	建议
1A/强烈推荐，高质量证据	收益明显大于风险，反之亦然	高质量RCT研究或有压倒性结论的高质量观察研究	强烈推荐，可以毫无保留地适用于大多数情况下的患者
1B/强烈推荐，中等质量证据	收益明显大于风险，反之亦然	质量欠佳的RCT研究(比如结果不一致、方法学缺陷、不精确等)或高质量的观察性研究	强烈推荐，可以毫无保留地适用于大多数情况下的患者
1C/强烈推荐，低质量或极低质量证据	收益明显大于风险，反之亦然	一般的观察性研究或病案案例系列	强烈推荐，但在出现更高质量的证据时可能会改变
2A/弱推荐，优质证据	收益与风险相近	高质量RCT研究或有压倒性结论的高质量观察研究	弱推荐，最好根据患者的实际情况和社会价值观念而定
2B/弱推荐，中等质量证据	收益与风险相近	质量欠佳的RCT研究(比如结果不一致、方法学缺陷、不精确等)或高质量的观察性研究	弱推荐，最好根据患者的实际情况和社会价值观念而定
2C/弱推荐，低质量或极低质量证据	不确定收益和风险关系，收益与风险可能相近	一般的观察性研究或病案案例系列	非常弱的推荐，其他替代方案可能同样合理

推荐等级/描述	收益与风险比较	支持证据的方法学质量评价	建议
1A/强烈推荐，高质量证据	收益明显大于风险，反之亦然	高质量RCT研究或有压倒性结论的高质量观察研究	强烈推荐，可以毫无保留地适用于大多数情况下的患者
1B/强烈推荐，中等质量证据	收益明显大于风险，反之亦然	质量欠佳的RCT研究(比如结果不一致、方法学缺陷、不精确等)或高质量的观察性研究	强烈推荐，可以毫无保留地适用于大多数情况下的患者
1C/强烈推荐，低质量或极低质量证据	收益明显大于风险，反之亦然	一般的观察性研究或病案案例系列	强烈推荐，但在出现更高质量的证据时可能会改变
2A/弱推荐，优质证据	收益与风险相近	高质量RCT研究或有压倒性结论的高质量观察研究	弱推荐，最好根据患者的实际情况和社会价值观念而定
2B/弱推荐，中等质量证据	收益与风险相近	质量欠佳的RCT研究(比如结果不一致、方法学缺陷、不精确等)或高质量的观察性研究	弱推荐，最好根据患者的实际情况和社会价值观念而定
2C/弱推荐，低质量或极低质量证据	不确定收益和风险关系，收益与风险可能相近	一般的观察性研究或病案案例系列	非常弱的推荐，其他替代方案可能同样合理

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