Correlation between circadian blood pressure rhythm and early neurological deterioration in patients with acute small artery occlusion cerebral infarction

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-9133.2026.01.002

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective

To investigate the correlation between blood pressure circadian rhythm and early neurological deterioration (END) in patients with acute small artery occlusive (SAO) cerebral infarction.

Methods

A total of 116 patients with cerebral infarction admitted to the Department of Neurology, Wujin Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University from January 2023 to October 2023 were enrolled as research subjects, including 79 males and 37 females, aged 48 to 87 years with a mean age of (67.83±11.12) years. Twenty-four-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) was performed on all 116 patients with acute SAO cerebral infarction. According to the monitoring results, the blood pressure circadian rhythm was divided into three types: dipper, non-dipper and reverse dipper. Compare whether there is a statistically significant difference in the proportion of patients developing END among the three groups, and whether the alteration of blood pressure circadian rhythm was an independent risk factor for END was analyzed.

Results

ABPM showed that there were 23 cases in the dipper group, 52 cases in the non-dipper group and 41 cases in the reverse dipper group among the subjects. The numbers of patients who developed END in the three groups were 3, 7 and 14, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in the incidence of END among the three groups (P<0.05). Further study revealed that the alteration of blood pressure circadian rhythm was an independent risk factor for END (P<0.05).

Conclusion

The alteration of blood pressure circadian rhythm is commonly found in patients with acute SAO cerebral infarction, among which the reverse dipper type is the most prevalent. Moreover, the alteration of blood pressure circadian rhythm is an independent risk factor for END.

Key words: Acute small artery occlusive cerebral infarction, Blood pressure circadian rhythm, Early neurological deterioration

Bona Wu, Defeng Cao, Jing Wu. Correlation between circadian blood pressure rhythm and early neurological deterioration in patients with acute small artery occlusion cerebral infarction[J]. Chinese Journal of Hygiene Rescue(Electronic Edition), 2026, 12(01): 6-9.

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References 16

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组别	例数	年龄（岁，±s）	性别		嗜酒	吸烟	基础疾病
组别	例数	年龄（岁，±s）	男性	女性	嗜酒	吸烟	高血压	糖尿病
勺型组	23（19.83）	64.52±14.35	15（65.22）	8（34.78）	3（13.04）	5（21.74）	16（69.57）	4（17.39）
非勺型组	52（44.83）	67.85±10.03	35（67.31）	17（32.69）	10（19.23）	18（34.62）	49（94.23）	15（28.85）
反勺型组	41（35.34）	69.66±10.22	29（70.73）	12（29.27）	5（12.20）	12（29.27）	36（87.80）	19（46.34）
F/χ²值		1.59	0.23		1.00	1.28	8.65	6.26
P值		>0.05	>0.05		>0.05	>0.05	<0.05	<0.05
组别	例数	血液指标（±s）				基线NIHSS评分[M（Q₁，Q₃）]
组别	例数	空腹血糖（mmol/L）	低密度脂蛋白（mmol/L）	同型半胱氨酸（μmol/L）	尿酸（μmol/L）	基线NIHSS评分[M（Q₁，Q₃）]
勺型组	23（19.8）	6.63±1.84	2.22±0.57	11.20（9.70，12.18）	344.24±94.70	3.00（1.00，4.00）
非勺型组	52（44.9）	5.99±1.63	2.31±0.89	11.10（9.53，14.30）	347.40±82.79	2.00（1.50，3.00）
反勺型组	41（35.3）	6.65±2.16	2.51±0.69	12.10（8.95，15.60）	337.54±86.82	3.00（2.00，4.00）
F/χ²值		1.74	1.27	1.29	0.15	2.96
P值		>0.05	>0.05	>0.05	>0.05	>0.05

组别	例数	年龄（岁，±s）	性别		嗜酒	吸烟	基础疾病
组别	例数	年龄（岁，±s）	男性	女性	嗜酒	吸烟	高血压	糖尿病
勺型组	23（19.83）	64.52±14.35	15（65.22）	8（34.78）	3（13.04）	5（21.74）	16（69.57）	4（17.39）
非勺型组	52（44.83）	67.85±10.03	35（67.31）	17（32.69）	10（19.23）	18（34.62）	49（94.23）	15（28.85）
反勺型组	41（35.34）	69.66±10.22	29（70.73）	12（29.27）	5（12.20）	12（29.27）	36（87.80）	19（46.34）
F/χ²值		1.59	0.23		1.00	1.28	8.65	6.26
P值		>0.05	>0.05		>0.05	>0.05	<0.05	<0.05
组别	例数	血液指标（±s）				基线NIHSS评分[M（Q₁，Q₃）]
组别	例数	空腹血糖（mmol/L）	低密度脂蛋白（mmol/L）	同型半胱氨酸（μmol/L）	尿酸（μmol/L）	基线NIHSS评分[M（Q₁，Q₃）]
勺型组	23（19.8）	6.63±1.84	2.22±0.57	11.20（9.70，12.18）	344.24±94.70	3.00（1.00，4.00）
非勺型组	52（44.9）	5.99±1.63	2.31±0.89	11.10（9.53，14.30）	347.40±82.79	2.00（1.50，3.00）
反勺型组	41（35.3）	6.65±2.16	2.51±0.69	12.10（8.95，15.60）	337.54±86.82	3.00（2.00，4.00）
F/χ²值		1.74	1.27	1.29	0.15	2.96
P值		>0.05	>0.05	>0.05	>0.05	>0.05

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