To explore the effectiveness of systematic emergency treatment in the rescue process of acute left heart failure patients.

A total of 128 patients with acute left heart failure who received systematic first aid in Xi'an Third Hospital from January 2022 to June 2024 were selected as the subjects of this study, including 68 males and 60 females; their ages ranged from 46 to 82 years, with an average age of (61.38±2.76) years. The 68 patients who followed the routine emergency care process from January 2022 to March 2023 were set as the control group, comprising 36 males and 32 females; their ages ranged from 47 to 82 years, with an average age of (61.39±2.78) years. Their body mass index (BMI) was between 20 and 26 kg/m², with an average of (23.29±2.02) kg/m²; the New York Heart Association (NYHA) cardiac function classification was Grade III in 42 cases and Grade IV in 26 cases. The 60 patients who followed the systematic emergency care process from April 2023 to June 2024 were set as the observation group, including 32 males and 28 females; their ages ranged from 46 to 82 years, with an average age of (61.36±2.74) years. Their BMI 19 was between 26 kg/m², with an average of (23.21±2.07) kg/m²; the NYHA cardiac function classification was Grade III in 39 cases and Grade IV in 21 cases. The time for triage and assessment, establishment of intravenous access and blood sampling, administration of intravenous medication, electrocardiogram timing, total emergency response time, treatment outcomes, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate (HR), early diastolic filling velocity to late diastolic filling velocity (E/A) ratio, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), and complications and mortality were compared between the two groups.

The observation group demonstrated shorter times for triage and assessment, venous access establishment and blood collection, intravenous medication administration, ECG monitoring, and emergency response duration compared to the control group (P<0.05). The overall effectiveness rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). At admission, there were no statistically significant differences in systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), or heart rate (HR) between the two groups (P>0.05). However, within 24 hours of emergency treatment, the observation group showed lower SBP, DBP, and HR values than the control group (P<0.05). Regarding baseline measurements, no statistically significant differences were observed in echocardiographic parameters such as the E/A ratio, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), or left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) between the groups (P>0.05). After 7 days of hospitalization, the observation group exhibited higher LVEF and E/A ratios but lower LVEDD values compared to the control group (P<0.05). The incidence of complications in the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05), while there was no statistically significant difference in mortality rates between the two groups (P>0.05).

The systematic first aid process is beneficial to shorten the first aid time and reduce the incidence of complications in the rescue process of acute left heart failure patients